解析高考英语单项填空题热点句型论文
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纵观历年来全国及各省市的英语高考试题,不难发现单项填空题的考查内容主要包括以下四方面:词法、句法、语法和情景交际。其中句法侧重考查考生在具体的语言环境中对句型的认知和识别能力,是备考的和难点。本文拟结合近三年的高考真题,归纳高考英语单项填空题热点句型的结构特征,并深入分析每种句型的要点,希望对备考师生有所帮助。
一、强调句型:It+is/was+…that…
【典型考例】
1.(2013天津卷)It was not until near the end of the letter______ she mentioned her own plan.
A.that B.where C.why D.when
2.(2013新课标II卷)It was only after he had read the papers ______Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A.when B.that C.which D.what
【答案与剖析】A;B。这两题都考查强调句。题1考查固定句型not…until的强调句,其句型结构为:It was not until…that+句子。题2可还原为Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers,即可判断强调是状语“only after he had read the papers”。
【句型归纳】强调句型基本结构是“It is/was+被强调+that/who(指人)+句子其他”,被强调可以是除了谓语动词的其他任何成分。同时,强调结构与其他含it的结构非常相似,很容易混淆。区别办法:如去掉It is/was…that…结构后句子仍然成立,则为强调结构。
二、表条件的祈使句型:祈使句+and/or+陈述句
【典型考例】
1.(2013四川卷)Read this story,_______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
2.(2013北京卷)Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs_______ you could he problems.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
【答案与剖析】B;A。这两题考查固定句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”。题1句意:读这个故事,然后你就会明白并不是东西都能用钱写到。此处表顺承关系,故用and。题2句意:在你关闭程序之前不要关掉电脑,否则可能出现理由。此处表转折关系,故用or。
【句型归纳】“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”相当于一个条件状语从句,and表顺承关系,而or表转折关系,意为“否则”、“要不然的话”,or还可用or else或otherwise替换。该句型有如下两种变化形式:
(1)“祈使句+破折号+陈述句”如:
Hurry up—perhaps you’ll catch the train.赶快,也许你会赶上火车的。
(2)“名词词组+and+陈述句”如:
名词词组中通常含有more,another,further,earlier等词。如:
A few minutes more,and I could he finished the task.要是多几分钟的话,我就可能完成这个任务了。
三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气句型:主语+谓语动词“(should)+动词原形”
【典型考例】
1.(2013陕西卷)My mom suggests that we ____ eat out for a change this weekend.
A.should B.might C.could D.would
2.(2013浙江卷)Eye doctors recommend that a ch-
ild’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.
A.was B.be C.were D.is
【答案与剖析】A;B。考查虚拟语气的用法。根据语法规则,suggest和recommend后的宾语从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可省略,故分别选A和B。
【句型归纳】在某些动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。常见的这类动词有“一个坚持”(insist);“两个命令”(order,command);“四个倡议”(suggest,advise,propose,recommend)“五个要求”(ask,require,demand,request,urge)。
四、条件句中的虚拟语气句型:If+主语+had done…(或Had+主语+done),主语+ would/should/might/could he done…(对过去的虚拟)
【典型考例】
1.(2013福建卷)—Do you think George has passed the driving test?
一、强调句型:It+is/was+…that…
【典型考例】
1.(2013天津卷)It was not until near the end of the letter______ she mentioned her own plan.
A.that B.where C.why D.when
2.(2013新课标II卷)It was only after he had read the papers ______Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A.when B.that C.which D.what
【答案与剖析】A;B。这两题都考查强调句。题1考查固定句型not…until的强调句,其句型结构为:It was not until…that+句子。题2可还原为Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers,即可判断强调是状语“only after he had read the papers”。
【句型归纳】强调句型基本结构是“It is/was+被强调+that/who(指人)+句子其他”,被强调可以是除了谓语动词的其他任何成分。同时,强调结构与其他含it的结构非常相似,很容易混淆。区别办法:如去掉It is/was…that…结构后句子仍然成立,则为强调结构。
二、表条件的祈使句型:祈使句+and/or+陈述句
【典型考例】
1.(2013四川卷)Read this story,_______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
2.(2013北京卷)Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs_______ you could he problems.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
【答案与剖析】B;A。这两题考查固定句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”。题1句意:读这个故事,然后你就会明白并不是东西都能用钱写到。此处表顺承关系,故用and。题2句意:在你关闭程序之前不要关掉电脑,否则可能出现理由。此处表转折关系,故用or。
【句型归纳】“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”相当于一个条件状语从句,and表顺承关系,而or表转折关系,意为“否则”、“要不然的话”,or还可用or else或otherwise替换。该句型有如下两种变化形式:
(1)“祈使句+破折号+陈述句”如:
Hurry up—perhaps you’ll catch the train.赶快,也许你会赶上火车的。
(2)“名词词组+and+陈述句”如:
名词词组中通常含有more,another,further,earlier等词。如:
A few minutes more,and I could he finished the task.要是多几分钟的话,我就可能完成这个任务了。
三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气句型:主语+谓语动词“(should)+动词原形”
【典型考例】
1.(2013陕西卷)My mom suggests that we ____ eat out for a change this weekend.
A.should B.might C.could D.would
2.(2013浙江卷)Eye doctors recommend that a ch-
ild’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.
A.was B.be C.were D.is
【答案与剖析】A;B。考查虚拟语气的用法。根据语法规则,suggest和recommend后的宾语从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可省略,故分别选A和B。
【句型归纳】在某些动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。常见的这类动词有“一个坚持”(insist);“两个命令”(order,command);“四个倡议”(suggest,advise,propose,recommend)“五个要求”(ask,require,demand,request,urge)。
四、条件句中的虚拟语气句型:If+主语+had done…(或Had+主语+done),主语+ would/should/might/could he done…(对过去的虚拟)
【典型考例】
1.(2013福建卷)—Do you think George has passed the driving test?